PBL 2 Introducing clinical sciences
Clinical Outcomes:
Discuss the indications for prescribing Metformin and Amlodipine
Metformin [1]
- Indicates Type 2 diabetes
Amlodipine [2]
- Indicates Angina, Hypertension
Discuss the efficacy, safety, suitability and adverse effects of Metformin and Amlodipine
Metformin [1:1]
- Reduces gluconeogenesis and increases glucose intake in islet cells
- Risk for lactic acidosis
- B12 deficiency
- For use in Talib's case: Talib's Brother will need initially 500mg daily for 1 week, then twice daily for a week, then thrice daily for a week.
Amlodipine [2:1]
- Calcium-channel blocker, influences myocardial cells which could lead to myocardial contractility to be reduced.
- Lack of physical strength, Constipation, diarrhoea
- In Talib's case: Lakia (Talib's Mother) will need initially 5mg once daily. May not be appropriate if there is persistent postural hypotension but as Lakia has hypertension this should not have an effect on the usage of the drug.
Reference/s:
British National Formulary (2024). Metformin Hydrochloride. [online] NICE. Available at: https://bnf.nice.org.uk/drugs/metformin-hydrochloride/ [Accessed 19 Sept. 2026]. ↩︎ ↩︎
BNF (2025). Amlodipine. [online] NICE. Available at: https://bnf.nice.org.uk/drugs/amlodipine/ [Accessed 19 Sept. 2026]. ↩︎ ↩︎